Half to john w



I. G. GRAY. WRENCH.

Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

( 0 Mod UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ISAAC O. GRAY, OF TIPPECANOETOIV N, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- I-IALF TOJ OI-IN IV. FESLER, OF SAME PLACE.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,767, dated March 4,1890.

Application filed December 11, 1889. Serial No. 838,330. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC C. GRAY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tippecanoetown, in the county of Marshall and State ofIndiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in renches;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to that class of wrenches known as sliding-jawwrenches, and has for its object to dispense with an adjustingscrewwhich is ordinarily employed to adjust the jaws; and the inventionconsists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as will behereinafter more particularly described, and specifically pointed out inthe claim.

In the accompanying drawings, to which reference is had, and which fullyillustrate myinvention, Figure 1 is a side sectional elevation of myimproved wrench, and Fig. 2 is a s1de elevation of the opposite side ofthe.

same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre-* sponding parts in thefigures.

Referring to the drawings, A and B indicate, respectively, the front andrear parallel jaws, the former being stationarily secured to the upperend of a movable or sliding shank O and the latter movably secured tosaid movable or sliding shank which has a suitable number of notches 0formed upon its rear edge, the movable jaw being secured to the shank bymeans of a forwardly-projecting integrally-constructed and curvilinearlooped portion 1), by which the shank is embraced. Thisforwardly-projecting arrange ment of the loop I? embracing the shankprevents the shank from springing directly over the center of pipes,&c., when pulling down upon the handle. The outer surface of the upperedge of the stationary jaw A, near its forward end, is slightly curved,and its inner or bighting surface is of an angular form, while thatportion of said jaw embracing the upper end of the shank is of acorresponding degree of curvature upon its rear under edge or surface tothe curve in the loop I), so that,

when the jaws are in their normal position, the loop Z; rests snuglytherein, the apex of the angle in the stationary jaw being in alignmentwith the initial point of the curve upon the outer or upper surface oredge of the jaw A. The upper and larger horizontal inner working edge orsurface of the movable jaw B is suitably serrated, and the lower portionof said jaw with its curvilinear edges terminates in a narrow or neckportion, as at d. Seated within a U shaped opening or slot E, formed bymeans of the inner curvilinear lower ed e or surface in the narrow orneck portion J of the jaw B, and pivotally secured to said jaw, is thesmaller one of two curv1- linear lugs H II, which is constructedintegrally with and constitutes the upper end of alongitudinally-recessed or hollow handle I, which recess serves to houseor inclose the notched portion of the shank C. By such housing of theshank within the recessed handle it divides the bearings of the handleportion I in such manner as to give more power to the wrench. WVithinthe recess in the opposite and larger lug H is centrally pivoted a dogI, the body of which only is inclosed in said lug, the projectingoppositely curvilinear ends '5 e", which form a part of said body,serving to adjust the shank, the curved end t fitting snugly within thenotches in the shank, and the end 71 carrying a curvilinear spring tupon its forward edge, which is detachably secured by means of a screw tat its lower end to the end c" of the dog I, the function of this springbeing to operate in connection with the recessed handle and dog, thespring holding the end 2' of the dog down in the notches of'the shank,as clearly shown in Fig, 1 of the drawings.

By my construction of wrench it will be observed that it is handier andmore quickly and easily adjusted by the use of a plurality of notchesupon the rear part of the wrenchshank and the dog pivoted in the lug inthe handle, which makes the wrench more durable and stronger and allliability of the shank or wrench being strained is obviated. The notchesare so arranged upon the rear edge of the shank as to enable theoperator to set or adjust the shank or wrench every onefourth of an inchand by raising the handle it can be adjusted an eighth of an inch. Bysimply pulling down on the handle when the wrench is placed on iron orpiping the jaws of the wrench close more tightly to the iron or pipe,hence preventing the wrench from slipping or turning on a round body.The wrench-shank passing inside of the recessed handle divides thebearings of the handle portion, which gives more power to the wrench,and the looped portion of the lower jaw of the wrench, which has aforward pitch, pre: vents the shank of the wrench from springingdirectly over the center of pipes or other round iron bodies whenpulling down on the handle, the pressure of the handle when pulling isdirectly against the center of the pipe or iron, while the front jawsecured to the wrench-shank is pulling simultaneously with the handle tothe same center, which is all done by one movement of the handle. Vhenit is desired to loosen the wrench when done turning the iron, simplyelevate the handle. It is obvious that the dog and teeth maybe placedupon the opposite side of the handle and toothed shank from that onwhich they are shown.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, the operation of my wrench will be obvious, andfurther description of the same herein is deemed unnecessary,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

A pipe and nut wrench having a longitudinally-grooved handle, offsets oneither side at the outer end thereof, a spring-aotuated'dog or pawlpivoted between the lower pair of said offsets, a serrated jaw-piecepivoted between the upper'pair of the offsets, a sliding toothed bar orshank having a jaw thereon and located in said longitudinal groove, andan integral collar or yoke piece depending from the pivoted jaw andembracing the sliding bar, said pawl being adapted to engage the teethon the sliding bar in the adjustment of the two jaws in relation to eachother, as and for the purpose herein set forth. In testimony whereof IaffiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISAAC C. GRAY.

Witnesses: I

EDWARD STEVENSON, JOHN D. THOMAS.

